The informal sector occupies an absolutely central place in the functioning of African cities. In many metropolitan areas across the continent, it is neither a marginal phenomenon nor a temporary reality; rather, it represents one of the main economic and social structures that enable the city to function on a daily basis.

In a world facing multifaceted challenges (climate crises, geopolitical tensions, social inequalities, technological transformations), the notion of resilience has become a central concept in contemporary architectural thinking. In this context, a round table discussion organised around the theme ‘Designing Resilience’, in line with the 2025 annual theme of the International Union of Architects (UIA), aimed to initiate a critical and collective reflection on architecture's ability to anticipate, absorb and transform disruptions in a sustainable manner.

Sport plays a fundamental role in the education of young people. The development of sport at all levels, whether amateur or professional, is supported by the key element of sports infrastructure.